Assistant Professor Dept. of Animal & Vet. Sciences University of Idaho Moscow, ID 83844-2330   Phone: 208-885-7683 FAX: 208-885-6420 E-mail: mmcguire@uidaho.edu    Ph.D., 1994 Cornell University RESEARCH INTERESTS: Mammary Physiology RESEARCH SUMMARY: Human health, the dairy industry, and the environment benefit from improvements in milk composition and productive efficiency. The objectives of my research are to alter the specific fatty acid composition of milk and to enhance the protein content of milk. Specifically, we will evaluate how dietary energy and amino acid supply coupled with hormonal signals regulate milk protein synthesis. Our initial work has demonstrated unprecedented increases in milk protein content in cows undergoing a hyperinsulinemic-euclycemic clamp. On the milk fat side, our research aims to increase the content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in bovine milk. This fatty acid has been shown to be a potent anticarcinogen. We will examine how to manipulate the concentrations of CLA in bovine milk through nutrition of the cow. Efforts will examine how processing affects CLA-enriched milk. Further, we will investigate the impact of CLA-enriched dairy products on human health and lactation, particularly the benefit to the breast-feeding dyad. Another family of fatty acids under evaluation is trans fatty acids. We are evaluating how specific trans monoenes impact milk fat synthesis. We study the impact of trans fatty acids on lactation in cows, rats and women. My research extends from practical feeding applications in cows to regulation of the lipogenic enzymes producing milk fat.   REPRESENTATIVE PUBLICATIONS: Jenkins, T.C., and M. A. McGuire. 2006. Major advances in nutrition: Impact on milk composition. J. Dairy Sci. 89(4):1302-10. Mosleyy EE, Wright AK, McGuire MK, McGuire MA. 2005 Trans fatty acids in milk produced by women in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr. 82(6):1292-7. Hristov AN, Kennington LR, McGuire MA, Hunt CW. 2005 Effect of diets containing linoleic acid- or oleic acid-rich oils on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility, and performance and fatty acid composition of adipose and muscle tissues of finishing cattle. J Anim Sci, 83(6):1312-21. Mosley, E.E., A.L. Wright, M.K. McGuire, and M.A. McGuire. 2005. Documentation of trans fatty acid concentration and isomeric distribution in U.S. human milk samples. Amer. J. Clin. Nutr. 82(6):1292-7. McGuire, M.A., E.E. Mosley, S.A. Mosley, A. Nudda, and A. Corato. 2005. Using conjugated linoleic acids for healthier animal products and as a management tool. Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Production Disease in Farm Animals (T.H. Herdt, ed.). Wageningen Academic Publishers (In press). Nudda, A., M.A. McGuire, G. Battacone, and G. Pulina. 2005. Seasonal variation in conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid in milk fat of sheep and its transfer to cheese and ricotta. J. Dairy Sci. 88:1311-1319. Ritzenthaler, K., M.K. McGuire, R. Falen, T.D. Shultz and M.A. McGuire. 2001. Estimation of conjugated linoleic acid intake by written dietary assessment methodologies underestimates actual intake evaluated by food duplicate methodology. J. Nutr. 131:1548-1554. Precht, D., J. Molkentin, M.A. McGuire, M.K. McGuire, and R.G. Jensen. 2001. Overestimates of oleic and linoleic acid contents in materials containing trans fatty acids and analyzed with short packed gas-chromatographic columns. Lipids 36:213-216. McGuire, M.A., and M.K. McGuire. 2000. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA): A ruminant fatty acid with beneficial effects on human health. (Invited Review). Proc. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci., 1999. Available at: http://www.asas.org/jas/symposia/proceedings/0938.pdf. Accessed September 6, 2000. Michelle K. McGuire, Mark A. McGuire, Kristin Ritzenthaler and Terry D. Shultz. 1999. Dietary sources and intakes of conjugated linoleic acid intake in humans. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acid: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Nutrition and Health (Eds. Yurawecz, M.P. et al). AOCS Press, Champaign, IL. pp. 369-377. McGuire, M.A., McGuire, M.K., P.W. Parodi and R.G. Jensen. 1999. Conjugated linoleic acids in human milk. In: Conjugated Linoleic Acid: Chemistry, Biochemistry, Nutrition and Health (Eds. Yurawecz, M.P. et al). AOCS Press, Champaign, IL. pp. 296-306. Park, Y., M.K. McGuire, R. Behre, M.A. McGuire, M.A. Evans and T.D. Shultz. 1999. High fat dairy product consumption increases 9c,11t-18:2 (rumenic acid) and total lipid concentrations of human milk. Lipids 34:543-549. McGuire, M.A. and M.K. McGuire. 1999. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA): A ruminant fatty acid with beneficial effects on human health. (Invited Review) J. Anim. Sci. (Submitted). Hanson, T.W. and M.A. McGuire. 1998. Evaluation of conjugated linoleic acid content in the meat of wildlife from the Pacific Northwest. Proceedings of the Second Comparative Nutrition Society Symposium, pp. 68-73. Griinari, J.M., D.A. Dwyer, M.A. McGuire, D.E. Bauman, D.L. Palmquist and K.V.V. Nurmela. 1998. Trans-octadecenoic acids and milk fat depression in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 81:1251-1261. Griinari, J.M., D.A. Dwyer, M.A. McGuire, and D.E. Bauman (1996). Partially hydrogenated fatty acids and milk fat depression. J. Dairy. Sci. 79 (Suppl.1):177. Griinari, J.M., D.E. Bauman, and M.A. McGuire (1996). Recent developments in altering milk composition and quality. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Milk Synthesis, Secretion and Removal in Ruminants. Berne, Switzerland. pp. 12-17. McGuire, M.A., M.K. McGuire, M.A. Guy, W.K. Sanchez, T.D. Shultz, L.Y. Harrison, D.E. Bauman, and J.M. Griinari (1996). Short-term effect of dietary lipid concentration on content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA in milk from dairy cattle). J. Anim. Sci. 74 (Suppl. 1):226. McGuire, M.A., J.M. Griinari, D.A. Dwyer, and D.E. Bauman (1995). Role in insulin in the regulation of mammary synthesis of fat and protein. J. Dairy Sci. 78:816-824. McGuire, M.A., D.A. Dwyer, R.J. Harrell, and D.E. Bauman (1995). Insulin regulates circulating insulin-like growth factors and some of their binding proteins in lactating cows. Amer. J. Physiol. 269:E723-E730.